Seanan McGuire (seanan_mcguire) wrote,
Seanan McGuire
seanan_mcguire

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"As to hanging, it is no great hardship...": Internet Piracy, and Who It Hurts.

I am about to preach to the choir, because I have no idea what else to do, and frankly, I am at a loss for other options.

I am a professional author. I have worked a very long time to reach a place in my life where I could make that statement and not feel like a fake. I have written books; publishers have judged them commercially viable and worthy of publication; my books can thus be purchased from bookstores and online retailers everywhere. Please note the word "purchased." My books, which cost me time and sanity, and cost my publisher time and money, can be purchased from bookstores and online retailers everywhere.

Or, if you'd prefer, they can be illegally downloaded from the Internet. Mind you, this will eventually lead to my being unable to justify the time it takes me to write them, since an author who cannot make a living through writing must make a living through other means. My cats don't understand "Mommy can't feed you because people don't believe she should be compensated for her work." They also don't understand "People say they like the things I write, but they'd rather steal them than make sure I can keep writing."

To be honest, I don't understand it either.

"See! Piracy is a serious problem." —Penny Arcade.

When I first started publishing, I had no real clue how big the book piracy problem was becoming (and it's continued to grow since then; the number of available torrents increases every day). I was honestly stunned when I got the first Google alert notifying me of an illegal download of Rosemary and Rue. Now, it's a rare day—and for "rare" read "non-existent," now that I have four books in print—that doesn't come with at least one torrent notification. Normally, it's more like four or five, and sometimes more, when some new site discovers my work and gets excited about the possibility of stealing it. Yes, stealing it.

Look: when you calculate the average author's royalties on a mass-market paperback, it comes to approximately fifty cents per copy. Let's assume I got paid $5,000 for Rosemary and Rue. I didn't just pull that figure out of my ass—that's the standard first advance for a genre novel, although very few people will get that exact number. Still, it's nice and round. Now, part of the standard publishing model says that I won't get any additional money for the book until it has managed to earn back the advance, which is done solely from the percentage of the cover price that "belongs" to me. So an author with a $5,000 advance must sell ten thousand copies of their book before they "earn out" and start making additional money. Authors who regularly fail to "earn out" will find themselves with decreasing advances, until the day that the number hits zero, and the party is over.

"Internet piracy isn't that big a deal," people say. "It can't hurt your sales that badly." Oh, really? Well, if I get one notification of an illegal torrent per day...let's assume that each torrent is downloaded three times at most. Okay? One torrent per day is 365 torrents per year, or 1,095 illegal downloads per book per year. This is a conservative estimate of downloads; most torrents will be downloaded more like ten times each. Gosh, I feel popular now! Or maybe violated, it's hard to say.

Returning to our $5,000 advance, I must sell—actually sell, from actual stores—10,000 books before my publisher realizes a profit and says "Yeah, okay, let's keep buying your stuff." Let's assume, this time optimistically, that all 1,095 people who illegally downloaded my book were originally planning to buy it new, before they found this awesome new way to save money and get the book magically delivered to their computer. So unless my book was guaranteed to appeal to 11,095 people, I may have just dipped below the magical 10,000 person mark. Goodie for me.

"Dear person online begging someone to upload an illegal copy of my book because you LOVE me SO MUCH: you don't love me. You love stealing." —Ally Carter, author of Heist Society.

I made the following statement in a relatively recent post:

"Why do book series end in the middle? Because not enough people bought the books. Sometimes they can live on, as with Tim Pratt's online serialization of his fabulous Marla Mason stories, but for the majority of authors, if the sales aren't there, the story's over. Why do midlist authors disappear? Because their sales weren't good enough to justify their continued publication. Why are TV shows canceled? Because not enough people gave money to their advertisers. All entertainment is profit-driven. We pay to play, and when we stop paying, they stop playing."

Several people promptly told me that I was wrong, and that authors who really want to continue their series can do so whether they have a publisher or not. My addiction to professional editing services and distribution is clearly a personal failing, and I should embrace this brave new world of working forty hours a week to pay for cat food, and then going home and working forty hours a week to Stick It To The Man by continuing my canceled series. Sadly, this isn't going to work. When I'm writing books for money, I go through a rigorous internal editing and proofreading process before anyone sees my work. When not writing books for money, I write for my own pleasure, and if there are a few typos or logical failings, whatever. That doesn't pay my bills.

I love my books. I love my art. If I were only in it for the money, I would be doing something else for a living, like selling my kidneys. But at the end of the day, if a series can't pay, I can't afford the hundreds of hours required to write the average book. It's just not feasible. Note the number of unpublished "first in series" books I have sitting around. Until they sell, I can't afford to write the sequels. No matter how much I want to.

"People will spend fifteen bucks on an ironic shirt." —Penny Arcade.

A paperback book costs ten dollars, retail, and less if bought at a discount or with a coupon. This is about the same as a ticket to the movies. Even if you read fast, it will probably take you a minimum of three hours to finish said paperback, and then it's yours to keep. The movie is over faster, and also not yours at the end of the evening. (This is not to say that people don't pirate movies, and that said piracy isn't a huge concern. They do, and it is. But that isn't my department, as yet. Believe me, I'll start researching film piracy the day that Feed is optioned for the big screen.) People are constantly willing to pay for things that are more transitory than books, yet seem to blank out when asked why stealing books is still theft.

"I'll buy it later." Really? "I just want to see if I like it." Okay, how about you download the free chapters from the author's website, and then go to a bookstore? "I want to see if the author has improved since the last one." See above. "I disagree with the author's moral or ethical stance, so I'm voting with my dollars." Okay. You're also voting through theft. Why not get the book from a library or support your local used bookstore instead? It would be a lot less sketchy.

I know plenty of people who would never dream of walking into my house and stealing a book off my shelf, but have talked themselves around to the point where downloading books illegally is just not the same thing, not the same thing at all. It's the same thing. Don't believe me? Ask Paul Cornell (taken from Twitter):

"Just saw download site with 2356 illegal downloads of Knight and Squire. You have no idea how angry that makes me. Bloody thieves."
"Thanks everyone who's said they're buying it. No thanks to: 'well, if it was legally downloadable...' Like they're forced to steal it."
"Just heard: average number of illegal downloads = four times legal sales. That's why your favorite title got canceled. No margin left."

The margin is what makes it profitable for publishers to keep publishing. The margin keeps their lights on, and keeps the creators receiving royalty checks, and now we're back to feeding my cats, which is a topic I think about a great deal. The cats don't give me a choice.

I leave you with this grim thought. Yesterday, I was sitting around, minding my own business, when a friend of mine (name redacted as it was a private conversation) messaged me with:

"Somebody went to the trouble to photocopy all of [upcoming, not yet released book] and put it up online."

This sort of thing tightens control over ARCs, which reduces their distribution to book bloggers, which makes it harder for you to find well-informed early reviews. It potentially hurts my friend's sales, which may result, long-term, in her being dropped from her publisher, which means no more books for her fans. So who does Internet piracy hurt?

It hurts you.
Tags: contemplation, cranky blonde is cranky, technology
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If other people can access the file, how could it even be grey?
If she's paid for the book, has one copy of the file, and doesn't distribute it, it's the same to me as owning a physical copy.

For me, really, the issue is "if you can't get the file any way but through the illegal download site, you're encouraging illegal downloading," and I don't have a solution to that.
The problem I have with the "same as a physical copy" argument isn't with the reader, but with the people who are putting it up to be downloaded.

If you've already got a copy of the book, you've paid your money, great. Digital, physical, it's the same thing. The book is not the collection of pages, but the story within it.

But the book shouldn't be available for you to download in the first place.

Are you as a reader doing anything wrong? On the whole right/wrong scale I'm a little fuzzy at the best of times, but think of this.

You are downloading a book that shouldn't be out there, which shows the people who put it there that there's a demand.

Yes, if one person stops downloading it won't stop the tide. But just as that demand builds on a person by person basis, so does reducing that demand. If you stop downloading, sure, other people won't. But there will be one less person doing that.

But it's got to start somewhere.
Word.
Ah, okay. I hear 'torrent' and think 'other people can access'.
That's pretty much the case.
It's a gray area in that legally, I can't really say "oh, go ahead, it doesn't count if you've paid for it." That said, if I had my way, all books would be bundled physical+virtual, to make it easier on everyone. Personally, I think you're only obligated to pay for a book once. I just wish that everyone would.
That would definitely be ideal - I love the way the new Vorkosigan book came out, but I'm sure they don't feel they can do that with every author.
This completely works for me (although these days, I admit I will happily pay top dollar to the publisher for pure virtual copies just so I don't have to _store_ the physical book. The key word here, however, is pay).
I am waiting for the day I can pay a few dollars more and get a physical book and a electronic book at the same time. I am being good, and either buying the physical book or the electronic book, and trying to be content with the choice I made either way - but it's hard. I don't download books, though I do haunt the Amazon Kindle list for freebies - but that has lead to me picking up new series.

I wish, wish, wish I could lend the electronic books, even if it's only half a book. The first chapter isn't enough to get my friends hooked, and I find when lend out books I can make book chains of being lending and buying and lending and buying (the Dresden series got out to 12 links before I lost track, with many of those links actually being hubs).

I want the ease of electronic, but find I am buying books I know I want to take off in paperback, so I can lend, and hope they catch on.
To be clear, I do try to buy in paperbook the books I think I am going to want to lend - all of yours are paperback, most new authors or new series, the first book in paperbook. Am getting annoyed at my shelves because of this - the urge to complete the set is still there, and I already spend too much books.

Guh.

Do not even talk to me about spending too much in books; I'm trying to think of it as buying portable insulation.

tikiera

6 years ago

seanan_mcguire

6 years ago

groblek

6 years ago

Blessedly, at least in the world indie-produced knitting pattern books, hardcopy+e-file is starting to become the norm. It's less about reading on a device, of course, and more about being able to print out a copy, carry it in your bag, and scribble notes, without ruining the book. Which isn't much help to Our Hostess, of course, but there are levels of publishing that Get It.
And trust me, this saves Kate's sanity.
I am happy to see someone feel this way. I have said over and over I would happily buy a Kindle if I also got a Kindle edition included of any book I purchased.

Not in my opinion.

Sorta I like I download TV shows sometimes. They are all either:

a) shows that I download on the "watch and delete" theory, and eventually buy when they are legally released on DVD

or

b) shows that are woefully off the air and not available on DVD

There is a third category of "shows I download so I can watch them without worrying about Livejournal spoilers because they air at different rates in different countries e.g. Doctor Who, Eureka, Torchwood and I do not live in the UK or USA", but these usually end up eventually falling into category a).

Both categories may be morally questionable, but I feel no guilt because in case a) I am buying the media once it's available anyways, and in case b) I would if they only bothered making it available.

I actually don't think I was aware that books were pirated to the same extent as movies and music, but I suppose it's unsurprising, really.
Yes. I have a "shows I would pay for right now but will acquire the DVD box of later" category, because waiting for two years and then watching the (painful) dubbed German version, or waiting for months for the box set ... = :-(. I do buy the box sets though, once they're available as Region 2 DVDs, so I kind of figure I am just de-synchronizing ownership and watching the show. But still, very shady area, I know... .
The economics of television and the economics of books have nothing to do with each other, which is one of the reasons I get frustrated with discussions of internet piracy as this great big unified thing.

Authors make money only from sales of books. Your downloading a copy of the book to try or buy is directly hurtful to them. Seanan is not JK Rowling, she actually needs that fifty cents from each copy, as do 99.99999999999% of all other published authors. (Incidentally I also think people who torrent filk albums have a place in a really dark circle of hell, because the people who make those CDs have put up their own money and are getting paid BACK.)

Television shows are already paid for by advertisers and cable subscriptions. Everyone involved has already been paid by the time they go on the air, and downloading copies because the BBC hasn't figured out that there's no real benefit to making people in other countries wait, or because the show comes on at 10 pm and you have to be at work at 5 am, does not mean that people will not get paid for the work they've already done. I pay for a cable subscription. Most of the TV shows I torrent are either from other countries or have already been paid for by my cable subscription.

Going to iTunes, assuming I was willing to let them install their virusware on my computer (yes, they make you install their software to download files that will run just fine on other software, which is one of many reasons I don't buy anything from iTunes), would be paying for it TWICE. (Also, I resent it when people put rootkits, spyware and other DRM-related crap in video or audio files, so that you have to buy it again when formats change or your machine dies--because a computer of mine was nearly bricked by a Japanese audio CD from Sony.)

Now, if you don't buy the DVD, then they won't get that money, but sometimes there isn't a DVD to buy--I generally delete all the torrents of shows I like once the DVD comes out (although I really do not know if I can bring myself to pay any more money for Supernatural S5).

I really badly want a DVD of "Be Good Johnny Weir" and I am still waiting, and nobody has put up a copy of the final episode either, so I will have those torrents forever. Along with a lot of goofy old TV shows that are impossible to find. :(

So, there's your economics lesson for the day.
I completely agree with you on filk (or even independent artist) torrenting. I've met some of the people personally, or watched their blogs/newsletters/whatever and realized a long time ago that a in a small niche market, people don't make a whole lot of profit, if any. It's really a labor of love, in those cases.

My boyfriend suggested that I torrent the filk albums I want to buy eventually--I'm not sure he actually understood why I refuse to do that. I mean, I have a long list, but can afford maybe one or two CD's a year, if I take the money out of what I would otherwise spend on books.

(On the flip side, I have no idea how to torrent anything, and no real wish to learn.)
Yeah, independent artists, too :)

Basically I think that it matters whether or not you're preventing people from getting paid for their work. Movies and music are often a grey area between books where you definitely are preventing people from getting paid, and TV where you definitely aren't, and with music I really do think a lot of it depends on the label.

Although I wish more independent artists would use something other than iTunes. One of the most significant contributing factors to piracy of music and other media is the fact that many online distributors, whether or not they use DRM, make you download their software and put it on your computer whether or not you need it, and there just can be no good reason for that. I used to buy music from Amazon.com, but that stopped when they started making people use their downloader--I tried to download a soundtrack for 3 hours without success, and then torrented the thing in 15 minutes. I wanted to pay for it.

There's a lot of music I just don't have because the options are iTunes or steal it or find someone who is selling the CD in small batches.
So you know, honey, if you can't afford Stars Fall Home before it goes out of print, let me know, and we'll make something work.

Your downloading a copy of the book to try or buy is directly hurtful to them. Seanan is not JK Rowling, she actually needs that fifty cents from each copy, as do 99.99999999999% of all other published authors.

Whoa - back off, sunshine. I never said I was downloading books to "Try or buy". In fact, I never said I was downloading books at all. I said that I supposed it was unsurprising that books are pirated as voraciously as other media, even though I wouldn't have thought about it because - as someone who is neither an author nor someone who downloads books - I was blithely unaware that anyone would bother.

You seem to be agreeing with my take on while TV shows are sometimes downloadable - even if it's a grey area - so I don't quite know why you were replying to me to teach me all about my supposed wrongs, but thanks for making what was already turning into a crappy day even crappier. I appreciate it.
I'm sorry--wasn't my intention.

The way I read it I thought you were applying try and buy logic to books.
If that's not the case, seriously, sorry, there's a lot of crap days going round.

seanan_mcguire

6 years ago

seanan_mcguire

6 years ago

Practically speaking, the real problem with "try or buy" is that people don't buy. If people who torrented books (and music, et cetera) always went on to only read the first third of the book (and only played the song once, and so on) and immediately deleted their pirated copy and/or went out and purchased a legal copy, it wouldn't be a problem.

seanan_mcguire

6 years ago

madtom_o_bedlam

5 years ago

seanan_mcguire

5 years ago